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Evergreen: Balsam Fir (abies balsamea):  Growth-Slow growth rate; Height 45-75’ -Soil Type-Prefers moist, cool, well drained, acidic soils, will tolerate some salt, grows in swampy to well-drained hillsides. -Sun-Does well in full sun, partial shade. Other-Have ornamental, strong fragrance.  Excellent tree that holds needles for a long time, adapts to cold climates well.

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Evergreen: Black Hills Spruce (picea glauca):   Growth-Slow growth rate * Average mature height 30-60’ with a spread of 15-25’ Soil Type- Appears to grow better on prairie soils than native White Spruce, excessively drained sites should be avoided.  Will grow on most sites - Sun - Full sun and partial shade are best for this tree, preferring a minimum of 4 hours direct, unfiltered sunlight each day.-Other - A variant of White Spruce originating from the Black Hills area of SD.  This species is valued for its fuller branches and uniform shape by Christmas tree growers and landscapers * Works as windbreak/shelterbelt, privacy screen, adapts to cold and is very resistant.

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Evergreen:  Black Spruce (picea mariana):  Growth-Slow to Medium growth; Height 40-50’ tall with flat scale like foliage. Soil Type-Grows well on moist upland or lowland soils, in a wide range of soils. -Sun-Prefers full sunlight but is very shade tolerant and makes suitable windbreaks. Other: Cones are purple-black color as they ripen. There is an oil obtained from the tree branches and needles for health benefits. 

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Growth Rate: (S/M); Height: 50-75’ (avg 12” per year) Soil Type: Well suited to a wide variety of soil sites, tolerates some soil wetness and has ability to withstand drought and extreme temperatures. Sun: It must have full sunlight to survive. Other: It is highly prized for ornamental use and makes a good windbreak if properly spaced.  It has a wide range in color with some of the ornamentals being grafted. 

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Evergreen: Fraser Fir (abies fraseri):  Growth-Slow to medium growth; Height 30-50’ -Soil Type-Prefers a wet climate, medium to heavy soils, avoid droughty areas. Needs good drainage. -Sun-Does well in full sun but is unique that it can survive in full shade environments. -Other-Has delightful fragrance.  Known as the Cadillac of Christmas trees. Shiny, green short foliage that is lighter on the underside. 

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Evergreen: Norway Spruce (picea abies):  Growth-Medium to Fast growth; Height 40-60’.  This is the fastest growing of the spruces. -Soil Type-Grows on a wide variety of soils, including sandy soils. Has some drought tolerance. -Sun-Full sun is the ideal condition. -Other-Is a familiar site in the US, but really a tree of Europe. Used for lumber, pulpwood, Christmas trees, landscape and windbreaks.  Support a wide variety of wildlife, important winter cover for deer and small game.  Good roosting tree for hawks and owls.

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Evergreen: Red Pine (pinus resinosa):  Growth- Fast growth rate; Height reaches 75’ -Soil Type-Tolerates more dry soil sites than White Pine, and does well in sandy soils. -Sun-Prefers full sun, doesn't do well in shade. -Other-Also known as Norway Pine; Less susceptible to damage by disease and insects.  Good choice for “tall rows” of a windbreak.

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White Cedar (eastern arborvitae; thuja occidentalis): Growth-Slow to Medium growth; Height 50-60’ tall with flat scale like foliage. -Soil Type- Grows well on moist upland or lowland soils, in a wide range of soils. -Sun-Prefers full sunlight but is very shade tolerant and makes suitable windbreaks. 

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Evergreen: White Pine (pinus strobus):  Growth-Fast growth rate.  Mature height 50-80’ (24” per yr) -Soil Type- Is suited to a wide range of soil sites and grows well anywhere in WI.  It tolerates more soil wetness than other native pines.  The only one that grows well on soils having calcareous subsoils/substratums. Can tolerate dry soil to bogs. -Sun-Full sun and partial shade are best for this tree. More shade tolerant than Red Pine, retaining a low live crown longer. -Other-It is our most attractive pine.  Can be subject to deer damage. Good ornamental tree, works well for windbreaks.

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Evergreen: White Spruce (picea glauca):  Growth-Medium growth rate * Considered slow growth because of its slow start, but it does grow rapidly after a few years with good moisture. Should be 20’ feet after 20 years.  Mature height 45-75’ -Soil Type-Will grow on a wide range of soils.  Grows in acidic, moist, sandy, well-drained and clay soils, can tolerate some drought tolerance.  -Sun-Prefers full sun, but very tolerant of shade, will maintain a live canopy to the ground indefinitely. -Other-A native WI species that is very attractive, good windbreak use for farmsteads where a dense barrier is needed. 

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Shrub: American Elderberry (Black) (Sambucus canadensis) - Growth Rate: (F) Height/Width: 5-12’ Soil Type: Acidic, Clay, Drought, Loamy, Moist, Rich, Sandy, Silty Loam, Well Drained, Wet.  Sun: Thrives in full sun or partial sun/shade. Other: Yields edible berries August-September, which provides food for dozens of bird species and other wildlife and is used to make jellies, pies, juice, and wine. Grown as a border, it provides incredible summer floral display. 

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Dolgo Crabapple (malus x dolgo):  Growth-Rapid growth rate.  Height 15-20’ tall.  -Soil type- Grows well on a wide variety of soils, best in moist soils, but will do better if fed peat and compost.  Sun: Prefers full to partial sunlight for optimum development.  Shade intolerant, good for ornamental use similar to bonsai. Other- Bears plentiful fragrant pink/white flowers in April and edible XL red to yellow fruit bearing in fall.  One of the tallest and most resistant to cold and pest, very cold resistant up to -40 F. Popular crabapples for making jelly, cider, syrups and much more. They create a lot of wildlife attraction, deer, birds, rabbits and other animals love the fruit and the butterflies and honeybees swarm to the flowers.

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Shrub: Domestic Apple Tree/Shrub (malus domestica):  Growth-Medium growth rate; Height medium sized 20-30’ tall. -Soil type- Prefers moist, well drained soils, they are NOT drought tolerant.  -Sun-Does well in full sun -Other-Food source for wildlife & birds, apples harvest July-August -Good for sauces, pies and freezing.  The skin of apples is thin, changing from pale green to yellow-green as it ripens, flesh is white, fruit soft with sweet-tart flavor.  During April-June, whitish-pink, fragrant flowers appear.  Each flower produces a 1” yellow fruit in the fall.

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Shrub: Hazelnut (corylus americana):  Growth-Fast growth rate; Height of 10-20’ tall, crown of 10-15’ -Soil Type-Can tolerate a wide range of soil types.  -Sun-Best growth is in full sun, can persist in partial shade, but can encounter reduced plant density and fruit production. -Other-The nuts that are produced have a higher nutritional value than acorns or beechnuts and their nuts and twigs are a good winter food source for wildlife, birds, small animals, and deer.  The dense, low growth are nesting sites for various birds and wildlife species and informal hedges. 

Sold in Bundles of 25 only, cost listed, plus PayPal fee (Shipping not available)Shrub: Highbush Cranberry (viburnum trilobum):  Growth- Medium growth rate; Height of 10-13’. Soil Type- Grows acidic, loamy, moist, rich, sandy, silty loam, well-drained and wet soil.  -Sun-Best growth is in full sun and partial shade, with a minimum of 4 hours direct sunlight a day. -Other-The tree has attractive white flower clusters in May producing bright orange- red fruits in September.  Produces valuable emergency food source for birds in severe winters. 

Growth Rate: (S); Height: 3-5’ and wide. Soil Type: Does well in dry, rocky, free draining and sandy soils. For sandy soil add some compost when planting. The nutrient boost will help it grow quicker. Good for banks, slopes or shrub borders. This species can improve the soil by fixing nitrogen. Too much water will create root rot. Sun: Best with full sun or a little afternoon shade.  Other: This is an adaptable, hardy, flowering shrub, producing pale, pillowy blossoms in spring/early summer. Lightly fragrant, attracts butterflies, bees, wasps, and beetles. The roots and leaves can be made into a tea used for GI upset, toothache, respiratory problems.

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Shrub: Ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius) - Growth Rate: (M). Height: 5’-10’ Soil Type: clay, loam, sand, dry, medium moist soil. Sun: full sun, partial shade. Other: makes an excellent hedge plant and provides good erosion control. Five petaled flowers appear in dense, spirea-like clusters in spring, and give way to clusters of reddish-pink capsules. The clusters eventually turn brown and persist into the winter. The leaves are yellow in the fall.

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Red Currant (ribes rubrum):  Growth- Medium growth rate; height 3-5’-Soil Type- Prefers rich soil, can add manure, organic soil conditioner or compost. -Sun- Partial shade to full sun. -Other- Flowers in May, harvest July-September.  To make a hedge, plant 3 feet between plants, mulch around the plants help growth.  Pruning should be done ideally  during February-March when there is no risk of freezing.  They resist diseases well.  Use netting to protect the currants from birds.  They produce 4-12 lbs. per plant once the fruit is fully ripe.  Used for jams or jellies. Leaves bluish-green color adds interest to landscapes.

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Shrub: Red-Osier Dogwood  (cornus sericea): Growth-Fast growth rate, Height 7-9’ (24” per yr) spreading readily with dense thickets. -Soil Type-Very adaptable, growing in acidic to alkaline soils.  Prefers moist soils, often grows in wet swamp lands, does not tolerate excessively dry soil. -Sun-Full sun (4 hrs) and partial shade are best for this shrub. -Other- The branches and twigs are dark red, the leaves are dark green above, fall color is commonly bright red to purple.  The flowers are small dull white in clusters and the fruit is a white berry.  It is a popular ornamental shrub that is often planted for the red coloring of its twigs in the dormant season. Provides dense cover for wildlife.  Prune once a year.

Growth Rate: (M/F); Height: 4-8’ with same width. Soil Type: Requires moderately well-drained moist soils. Sun: Can thrive in partial shade to full sun. Other: Flowers in late spring/early summer, attracting pollinators like bees. The edible fruit bears in late summer, resembling a small raspberry, with a sweet, tart flavor used in jams and jellies. A good woodland plant, provides food for birds and mammals. (aka Flowering Raspberry or Salmonberry)

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Hardwood: Chinese Chestnut (castanea mollissima blume) Growth-Slow to medium growth rate, 40-60’ tall -Soil Type-prefers acid, well-drained loamy soil, and drought tolerant. -Sun-Does well in full sun and hot, dry climate  -Other-Blight resistant; Nut & shade tree for wildlife, sweet-flavored nuts are produced.

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Hardwood: Hybrid Poplar (populus species):  Growth-Very fast growing (2-8’ per yr); Mature Height 40-50’ -Soil Type-Does well on most soil types. -Sun-Full sun is the ideal condition; Is not shade tolerant. -Other-This is a shade tree, featuring a spreading canopy capable of blocking sunlight.  Does well as windbreaks. Bark, twigs, leaves are eaten by rodents, rabbits, deer, etc.  Nesting habitat for birds.

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Growth Rate: (S); Height: 15-25’ tall, 15’ wide. Soil Type: Moist, nutrient rich soil, well drained to prevent root rot, slightly acidic to neutral soil are best. Using a well-balanced fertilizer twice a year or organic matter helps.  Sun:  Best in full sun, can tolerate partial sun. Other: Requires regular watering with efficient draining, so it’s not waterlogged. It is cold-hardy/pest-free, prospers in warm, humid summers. Grow maroon-colored blossoms in spring, in the fall leaves are varying shades of yellow. The trees are famous for their fruit ripening in fall. It is described as custard-like with flavor between banana and mango. Fruit is edible but skin and seeds of this fruit should NEVER be eaten, both contain annonacin. It can take 3-7 years to bear fruit.

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Growth Rate: (F); Height: 60-70 with a 25’-40” spread’. Soil Type: Prefers acid, clay, loamy, moist, rich, sandy, well drained, wet soils, wide variety. Sun:  Does well in full sun Other: Acorns are important food for many ducks, songbirds, white-tailed deer, squirrels and small rodents. Known for it’s tolerance for wet conditions. Provides great fall color with leaves turning scarlet or bronze.